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Objective: To identify whether positive, negative, or zero work is being done, to identify the force that is doing the work, and to describe the energy transformation associated with such work.

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Standing Waves in a Rope

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Analyze the design of a collection of experiments to determine the purpose, the variables, and the controls.

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Use the patterns in the provided data to make predictions about the results of subsequent trials or applications to similar vibrating systems.

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Applying the Model

Analyze the results of a collection of experiments to identify the conclusions that are consistent with collected data.

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Analyzing Results

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Standing Waves in a Rope A group of students are conducting experiments to determine the effect of various factors on the speed of a wave. The apparatus, shown in Figure 1, includes a rope extending from a metal pole on one end to a pulley on the other. The rope wraps around the pulley and is pulled tight by a hanging mass. A mechanical oscillator vibrates the rope. The frequency of vibrations can be controlled by the students. Frequencies are chosen that cause the rope to vibrate as a standing wave with fixed points of no vibration called nodes. Experiment 1 In Experiment 1, students hang a 1.0 kilogram mass on the end of the rope. They vary the frequency to create standing wave patterns with varying number of nodes. They measure the wavelength and calculate the speed of the wave. See Table 1. Experiment 2 In Experiment 2, students vary the amount of mass that hangs on the end of the rope. Increasing the mass causes the tightness (tension) of the rope to increase. In each case, they chose frequencies that vibrate the rope with the same standing wave pattern. The measured frequencies and wavelengths and the calculated speeds are shown in Table 2. Experiment 3 In Experiment 3, students vary the rope that is being vibrated. They keep the tension the same from trial to trial and vibrate the rope with the same standing wave pattern. For each rope, they measure the linear density (the mass per unit length of the rope). The measured frequencies and wavelengths and the calculated speeds are shown in Table 3.

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Each Science Reasoning task is based on a passage or story that presents data and information or describes an experiment or phenomenon. Students must combine an understanding of science content and science reasoning skills (science practices) to answer questions about the passage or story. Tap anywhere to view the passage.

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https://www.physicsclassroom.com/

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Physics-Interactives/Static-Electricity/

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1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,3

Name-That-Charge/

Template Version 1.2 Added Question Scene 4 for Table Completion

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Experimental Design,Analyzing Results,Applying the Model

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